How to Graph Vertical and Horizontal Lines
The equation of a vertical line comes in the form

where a is just a constant
Notice that this equation doesn’t contain any variable y. The absence of y means that it can take any values. Here’s an example.
An Example of Graphing a Vertical Line
Graph the vertical line x = 3.
The equation doesn’t have the variable y which implies that it could assume any numerical values for y. In the table of values, you will see that “3” is the repeating value in the column of x while having different values in the column of y.
This is precisely the interpretation of the equation x = 3.

So, we can now plot the points on the xy–axis to see how it looks. As you can see, it is a vertical line parallel to the y-axis and passing through the point \left( {3,0} \right).

On the other hand, the equation of a horizontal line comes in the form

where c is just a constant
This time around, the equation doesn’t have any variable x. The absence of x means that the variable x can take any numerical values while the value of y is being held constant. Here’s an example.
An Example of Graphing a Horizontal Line
Graph the horizontal line y = - 2.
Since we have no x-variable in the equation, it is okay to pair the y-coordinate of - 2 with any x-values. When you construct the table of values for this, the y-coordinates will be the same throughout while the x-coordinates can have different values.
Observe, the y-column is populated with the same value of - 2.

Graphing these points in the xy-axis, we have a horizontal line parallel to the x-axis and passing through the point \left( {0, - 2} \right).
